Minnesota Rocks

Minnesota has a rich geologic history

Ancient Rocks 3.6 billion years ago. Morton Gneiss (pronounced “nice”) is one of the oldest rocks on Earth. Outcrops of gneiss can be found just an hour west of the Twin Cities in the town of Morton.

sciencebuzz.org

sciencebuzz.org

 

 

 

One Billion Years ago. Volcanoes on the North Shore of Lake Superior. Many of the rocks we are going to study are from that era, including:  basalt and Lake Superior Agate.

world-visits.blogspot.com

world-visits.blogspot.com

 

Basalt lava flows north of Duluth from volcanoes one billion years ago.

serc.carleton.edu

serc.carleton.edu

 

450 million years ago, there was an inland sea that covered much of North America. The Twin Cities was underwater as evidenced by ocean fossils found in St. Paul. A few of the rocks we are going to study were formed during this time period including:  Shale and limestone.

fossilsandotherlivingthings.blogspot.com

fossilsandotherlivingthings.blogspot.com

 

Prehistoric squid

ocean.si.edu

ocean.si.edu

 

Trilobite

http://ledgardjespsonarchaeologyrebrand.blogspot.com

http://ledgardjespsonarchaeologyrebrand.blogspot.com

 

 

15,000 years ago  Glacial Period  – The glaciers moved only a few feet a year and carried  many of the rocks we find today from Northern Minnesota to the Twin Cities area. Also when the glaciers melted it formed most of the lakes we see in Minnesota.

cosmographicresearch.org

cosmographicresearch.org

Glacial ice

commons.wikimedia.org

commons.wikimedia.org

Glacial Till. When the glaciers melted it left hills of rocks and sand that had been pulverized inside of the glacier. If you have a hill near your home, it was probably formed in this manner.

 

jesse.usra.edu

jesse.usra.edu

Glacial Lakes  were formed when the glaciers melted. The weight of the ice caused the earth to be pushed down,  forming what is called an ice block lake.  (Lake Minnetonka in photo below)

kruger.photoshelter.com

kruger.photoshelter.com

 

Glacial erratics are large rocks that were carried on top of the glacier and did not get ground up  inside of the glacier. When the glacier melted, the rocks dropped to the ground.
If you have seen a large rock in your neighborhood, it is probably a glacial erratic.

basementgeographer.com

basementgeographer.com

Glacial rocks are everywhere in your neighborhood environment. What is meant by “glacial rocks”? How did the rocks get in your neighborhood? What are the names and stories of some of the glacial rocks? Using the guide below, see what types of rocks you can find in your neighborhood.

15,000 years ago a huge glacier covered most of Minnesota, Wisconsin and other states in the Northern US. As the glacier moved along it gouged out many types of rocks and carried them south moving at a speed of only a foot a day.

Rocks that were inside of the glacier got ground up into smaller stones. If you have seen a large boulder in your neighborhood, it is called a “glacial erratic”. It was not inside the glacier, but rode on top of the glacier and was not ground up.

When the Earth began to warm, the glaciers melted and the rocks inside came out, leaving what is called “glacial till”. Glacial till has many many sizes of rocks in it, from large boulders to sand. Many of the hills in our neighborhoods are made of glacial till. People mined the hills and sold the rocks for landscaping, road material, and concrete.

www.mymagicelves.com

www.mymagicelves.com

 

Continue reading

Posted in Connecting to Nature | 11 Comments

Making a Nature Notebook

I have been writing my nature notes using “Microsoft Word -Notebook”. This is a good tool for recording your observations after a nature hike. Why make a nature notebook?

  • Learn more about your local environment
  • Improve your writing skills
  • Improve your photography skills
  • Have a record of your observations that you can refer to in future years
  • Have your observations/experiences in one place Continue reading
Posted in Nature Notes | Leave a comment

Monarch Program

Monarchs are one of the few insects to migrate. The monarchs travel over 1700 miles to the Sierra Madre Mountains in Central Mexico.

Screen Shot 2015-03-27 at 3.57.50 PM

monarchwatch.org

 

Monarch

Migrating Monarch

 

 

 Its a Long Way to Mexico

C                                                G
The monarchs left in September
G                                                C
The monarchs left in September
C                                         F                       C       G       C
The monarchs left in September, on their way to Mexico
C                F                         C                 G   C
Mexico, oh Mexico, it’s a long way to Mexico

C                                                G
Sometimes they get eaten by birds
G                                                C
Sometimes they get eaten by birds
C                                         F                       C        G       C
Sometimes they get eaten by birds, on their way to Mexico
C                 F                         C                 G   C
Mexico, oh Mexico, it’s a long way to Mexico

C                                                G
They rest in trees for the night
G                                                C
They rest in trees for the night
C                                         F                       C       G       C
They rest in trees for the night, on their way to Mexico
C                 F                         C                 G   C
Mexico, oh Mexico, it’s a long way to Mexico

 C                                                G
Sometimes the wind blows too hard
G                                                C
Sometimes the wind blows too hard
C                                         F                       C       G       C
Sometimes the wind blows too hard, on the way to Mexico
C                F                         C                 G   C
Mexico, oh Mexico, it’s a long way to Mexico

 C                                                G
Sometimes its too cold to fly
G                                                C
Sometimes its too cold to fly
C                                         F                       C       G       C
Sometimes its too cold to fly, on their way to Mexico.
C                 F                         C                 G   C
Mexico, oh Mexico, it’s a long way to Mexico

 C                                                G
Finally made it to Mexico
G                                                C
Finally made it to Mexico
C                                        F                       C       G       C
Finally made it to Mexico, it’s a long way to Mexico.

MonarchWinteringGrnds

Sierra Madre Mountains, Central Mexico

WinterMonarchsDykus2

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Life Cycle

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ChrysalisColor

 

Monarch Play:

Need a stage person, monarch, milkweed, egg, finger caterpillar, three caterpillars, stick, weaver, two in the chrysalis, newborn monarch, Question person, fact person, light person

(Class) “It was a warm sunny day”

enter the monarch

(reader) Alli the monarch is looking for a milkweed plant
(reader) chant 5 times:
(Class) “milkweed”

Fact #1:        “Female monarchs lay 700 eggs.”

enter the milkweed

(reader)  Milly the milkweed sees the monarch and says ….
(Class) “oh no not another one”

Question 1 : Why does the milkweed act like that?
Fact #2       “The eggs are laid only on the leaves of the common milkweed plant.”
(Class) Meanwhile the milkweed is “crying NO, NO, NO!”

Egg enters and huddles next to the milkweed
(class)“The egg is so small”

Question #2:  How big is the egg?

Fact #3 An egg is no larger than the head of a pin.
Fact #4 An egg will hatch in 3-14 days

Question 3: How many days should we have the egg hatch in?
(Class) “Day 1, day 2, day 3…..Day 14.
(Reader) The egg hatches
(Class) “Boing!”
Enter the little finger caterpillar

Question 4: What is the first thing the caterpillar does after it hatches?
(Class) “It eats the egg”.
(Reader) Then starts munching on the milkweed.
(Class) “ it eats day and night”.

(switch lights on and off).

(Reader) The little caterpillar sheds its skin

(Class) “first shedding”.

Enter the bigger caterpillar,

(Class) “Yum, yum I am so hungry”. (rub your tummy)
“Eating sounds: “Crunch, Crunch, Crunch”.

(Class) “second, third and fourth shedding

(Class) “That caterpillar is getting big.”

Fact 5   If a human baby were a caterpillar, it would grow to a weight of 8 tons or 16,000 pounds in two weeks.
(Class) “whoa”

(Reader) One morning, the fully grown caterpillar woke up and said,
(Class) “I am not hungry anymore”

(Reader) It crawls up on a stick and hangs upside down,
(Class) “hey this is weird”.

(Reader) Caterpillar sheds its skin for a last time exposing the green chrysalis
(chrysalis comes in – caterpillars leave).

(Class) The chrysalis is beautiful.
Question 5: What color is it?
(Class) “mostly green with some gold”.

(Reader) It is dark in the chrysalis
(lights off)
(Reader) Everyone stand up and close your eyes – pretend that you are inside of the chrysalis. When you entered the chrysalis “You were a wiggly caterpillar”. But now inside the chrysalis your body is changing. You are developing wings and antennae. Everything is different. Feel it! After 13 days the chrysalis turns clear and you can see out.

(lights on)

(Reader) On the last morning you hatch out of your chrysalis.
Enter Monarch butterfly

Question 6: “Can you fly?
Class “No, you must dry off the wings”
Drying action.
Question 7. “Now can you fly?
Class “Yes, and the butterfly takes its first flight.”

Posted in Connecting to Nature, Fall, Insects, Nature Songs | Leave a comment

Decomposers Spanish

La lombriz juan

C                  Em                  F                      GScreen Shot 2014-10-05 at 10.35.45 PM
El gusano juan tiene mucho que hacer.
C                  Em                  F                      G
Sus amigos en el bosque lo aman .
C                  Em                  F                      G
Mastica las hojas que caen sobre el suelo.

 

C                  Em            F                     G                       C
Haciendo la tierra para que los árboles crezcan altos.

F         C         F             C
El gusano juan, puedo ser pequeño

F         C         F             C
El gusano juan ayuda a los arboles crecen altos

Compost

Compost

 

Todos repitan
Que es compost?
Compost es verduras, hojas y papelScreen Shot 2014-10-05 at 10.32.14 PM
verduras, hojas y papel
Los descomponidores hacen rico suelo
Que son – Los Descomponidores?
Son los gusanos, y otro seres vivos

 

 

 

Descomponidores / Decomposers

Screen Shot 2015-03-23 at 1.19.57 PM

Anatomía del Gusano

Screen Shot 2015-03-23 at 1.49.13 PM

www.teara.govt.nz

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ciclo de Vida

Screen Shot 2015-10-16 at 7.59.47 PM  Huevos de los Gusanos

Screen Shot 2015-10-16 at 7.57.10 PMEl recién nacido (blanquitos)

 

Screen Shot 2015-10-16 at 8.00.09 PMGusanicitos (rosita)

Adult worm ready to lay eggs.

                   Un Gusano adulta lista para poner huevos

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Posted in Insects, Spanish | Leave a comment

Bee Program Spanish

Screen Shot 2014-09-02 at 8.50.46 AMScreen Shot 2014-09-02 at 8.50.59 AM

Las Abejas, Las Avispas y Los Avispones

Screen Shot 2014-09-03 at 8.35.23 PM

El  Abejorro  – Bumblebee

             La Avispa de papel    –   Paper wasp

yellowjackettomlinsonbomberger.com

                 La Avispa de chaqueta amarilla
Yellow Jacket

El Avispón
Hornet

Screen Shot 2015-03-12 at 10.03.15 PM

 Abeja de la miel
Honey bee

beeflyLa Mosca de la abeja
Bee fly
Esta mosca imita a una abeja

Anatomía de la Abeja

Screen Shot 2015-03-24 at 6.04.54 PM

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Screen Shot 2015-03-25 at 3.11.52 PMScreen Shot 2015-03-25 at 6.52.23 AM

Screen Shot 2015-03-15 at 10.57.39 AM

las larvas en un nido de una avispa de chaqueta amarilla.

Posted in Insects, Spanish | Leave a comment

Informes de animales

Lobo

Lawrence Wade

Lawrence Wade

El lobo es de color gris y del tamaño de un perro grande. Tiene un sentido del olfato cien veces más desarrollado que los seres humanos.

Los lobos son predadores superiores y comen venados y alces. En verano, los lobos comen ratones, castores y frutas silvestres. Los lobos no hibernan, pero son activos todo el año.

 

Hace mucho tiempo, los lobos se TimberWolf1Wadeencontraban en todos partes de los Estados Unidos. Pero ellos fueron matados por los humanos por más de cien años. Hoy en día, la población más grande de lobos se encuentra en Minnesota del norte. Se estima que hay dos mil quinientos lobos en Minnesota.

Una manada de lobos tiene entre cuatro a ocho animales. Viven en un área de 150 millas cuadradas. Un lobo hembra tendrá de cuatro a siete cachorros en abril o mayo.

 

Zorro rojo

RedFoxWadeHay muchos zorros rojos en Minnesota. Se encuentran en bosques y pantanos. Son el tamaño de un perro pequeño.

Los zorros no hibernan, son activos todo el año. Un zorro hembra tendrá de cuatro a diez cachorros en mayo. Sus comidas favoritas son ratones, conejos, ardillas y otros animales pequeños. En verano, comen insectos y frutas silvestres.

 

Oso Negro

photo by BlackBearSeapics.com

photo by BlackBearSeapics.com

Los osos negros pesan casi trescientos libras. Viven en el bosque del norte de Minnesota. Hay veinticinco mil osos en el estado de Minnesota. Sólo diez por ciento de su comida es carne. Los osos son omnívoros y comen hierbas, bayas, insectos y cosas muertas. Los osos cavan un agujero para su guarida. Los osos negros dan a luz durante su hibernación. Un oso hembra tendrá dos oseznos. Al nacer, un osezno pesa menos de una libra. Un osezno no abrirá los ojos por un mes. Los osos negros pueden ser una molestia cuando sacan basura y comida de los campamentos.

 

Zorrillo

Zorrillo photo by Dominique Braud

Zorrillo
photo by Dominique Braud

Los zorrillos son conocidos por su olor maloliente.

Las glándulas del olor del zorrillo se encuentran cerca de la parte trasera del animal. Los zorrillos son nocturnos y se encuentran generalmente en áreas verdes abiertas. Un zorrillo hembra tendrá de cuatro a siete crías en mayo. Los zorrillos que son omnívoros comen hierbas, bayas, insectos, ratones, lombrices, y pájaros.

El peor enemigo de los zorrillos es el búho.

Los zorrillos son uno de los pocos animales que llevan la rabia.

Salamandra tigre

photo by animal-kid.com

photo by animal-kid.com

La salamandra tigre es la salamandra más grande en Minnesota (de siete a trece pulgadas). Se encuentran cerca de charcas y lagos. En la primavera las salamandras migran a sus charcas donde depositan cien huevos. Las larvas se quedan en las charcas por tres meses y hasta se convierten en adultos.

Las salamandras tigre comen lombrices, saltamontes, grillos, y ratoncitos.

 

Tortuga mordedora

tortuga mordedora photo by Lawrence Wade

tortuga mordedora
photo by Lawrence Wade

La tortuga mordedora es la tortuga más grande en Minnesota. La tortuga más grande que se ha capturado pesó sesenta y cinco libras. Su hábitat es en charcas y lagos con fondo del barro y hierbas acuáticas. En invierno, las tortugas se entierran bajo el agua en el barro.

tortuga pintada photo by Lawrence Wade

tortuga pintada
photo by Lawrence Wade

En verano, las tortugas se calientan cerca de la superficie del agua. Las tortugas mordedoras son omnívoros, comen hierbas, ranas, patos, y sanguijuelas. En junio, las hembras cavan un agujero en la tierra y ponen sus huevos allí. Entre veinte a treinta huevos seran depositados. Los mapaches y los zorrillos pueden excavar noventa por ciento de los nidos y comen los huevos de las tortugas. En septiembre, las tortuguitas salen de su cascarón, salen de los nidos y van al lago o el charco.

 

 Coyote

photo by Billie Cromwell

photo by Billie Cromwell

Los coyotes son los depredadores grandes más comunes. Pesan casi treinta libras. Su primo más grande, el lobo, frecuentemente mata coyotes que entran en su territorio. En otoño, los aullidos y ladridos de los coyotes pueden ser oidos a millas de distancia.

Las hembras de los coyotes cavan un agujero para su guarida. De cinco a siete perritos nacen en abril. Cuando los jovenes coyotes tienen doce semanas, las hembras les enseñan como cazar.

Photo by Sally King

Photo by Sally King

Los coyotes comen ratones, conejos, y puercoespines. Muchos coyotes tienen heridas de las espinas de los puercoespines.

Tienen territorios tan grandes como treinta millas cuadradas. Se encontran en bosques y praderas.

 

 

El búho

Photo by Lawrence Wade

Photo by Lawrence Wade

El búho cornudo es el búho más común en Norte y Sudamérica. Son aves muy adaptables, viven en el Ártico, los bosques, los campos abiertos y en los suburbios. Hacen sus nidos en huecos de árboles o en los nidos que fueron abandonados por los cuervos y otros pájaros grandes.

La hembra pone dos huevos y junto con el macho los incuban. Los búhos tienen una actitud muy protectora hacia los pajaritos.

OwlPelletKelly

Los búhos cazan por la noche. Tienen vuelo silencioso y matan su presa con sus garras afiladas. Comen ratones, conejos, ardillas, zorrillos, y cuervos. Los búhos comen su presa y luego vomitan pelotas de regurgitación llenas de huesos y pelos.

La llamada de un búho cornudo es “Hoo-Hoo-Hoo”. Búhos “hoot” para que establezcan su territorio de caza.

Búho nival photo by Lawrence Wade

Búho nival
photo by Lawrence Wade

 

 

Posted in Mammals, Spanish, Student Resources | 1 Comment

Animal Tracking Program

     Walker  /  Caminante

10.

Hopper  / Saltadora

Rabbit Tracks 

 

Big Foot – Little Foot  /   Pie Grande y Pequeño

CoonTracks

Qué Usted Necisita HacerTracks3

1. Escriba su nombre

2. Escriba el Nombre del Animal

3. Lay-out  del Huella del Animal

4. . Levanta la Mano para comprobar

5. Ink Track Pattern –
Fill in Parts that did not ink correctly

6. Distancia Entra Huellas

7. Flecha de Dirección (Direction Arrow)

8. Notas Importante del Forma del Huella

Lay-out Tracks

OLYMPUS DIGITAL CAMERA

 

 

 

What to doAnimalTracks2

  1. Write Your Name
  2. Write the name of  the Animal
    at the top of the page
  3. Lay -out the track pattern of the animal
  4. Raise your hand – Checked by Teacher
  5. Distance Between Tracks
  6. Direction Arrow
  7. Important Notes about the Track Pattern

 

 

 

Tracking Quiz

Rabbit Tracks

 

 

 

TurkeyFoot

 

FoxTracks

Deer Tracks

RaccoonTracks3

 

 

 

SquirrelBest

 

 

 

mink1

 

 

 

raccoon2

Posted in Connecting to Nature, Mammals, Winter | Leave a comment

What is Your Eagle Story?

  • In late October, I was crossing Gray’s Bay, looking for a huge raft of coots that I had seen earlier in the day. Suddenly, the coots were there, but they were “hugging the shoreline” and swimming frantically. They were all bunched up, and some even climbing on top of other birds. I stopped the car, just in time to see two  bald eagles dive into the panicked birds. Continue reading
Posted in Birds, Fall | 3 Comments

Decomposer program

Decomposers song

Decomposers

C                     Em             F        G
Decomposers have a lot to do
C                     Em             F           G
Their friends in the forest love them too!
C                    Em              F              D
Chews the leaves that fall on the ground
C                     Em          F         G       C
Making rich soil for the trees to be sound
F                     C               F               C
Decomposers,  you may be small (use decomposer voice)
F                     C               F                 C
Decomposers helps the trees grow tall  (use tree voice)

Compost

Compost

 

What is Compost?Screen Shot 2014-10-05 at 10.32.14 PM

Compost is vegetable, leaves and paper

Vegetables, leaves and paper

Decomposers

Make compost into rich soil.

 

Decomposers

Decomposers

 

What’s a decomposer?

Worms

and other soil creatures

Decomposers

They’re important because

they make rich soil

For the trees to grow.

Never, say yuck, never say ick

They’re important to nature.

                      Anatomy of an Earthworm

A worm has 5 hearts

A worm has 5 hearts

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

                                                           Cycle of Life

Screen Shot 2015-10-16 at 7.59.47 PMEarthworm Eggs

 

Screen Shot 2015-10-16 at 7.57.10 PMNewborn earthworms  – “Whiteys”

 

Screen Shot 2015-10-16 at 8.00.09 PMA young Earthworm  “Pinky”

 

Adult worm ready to lay eggs.

An adult earthworm with an enlarged Clitellum (ready to lay eggs)

 

Posted in Fall, Insects, Nature Songs | 1 Comment

Wooly Bear Mania

Wooly Bear Caterpillar

Wooly bears are fuzzy caterpillars and tend to appear in great numbers when the weather gets warm in the fall. They are the caterpillar of a small white moth known as the Isabella Moth. Kids love to handle them because they are so fuzzy. In late September, I start looking for wooly bears in my neighborhood. If it is a warm weekend, you are likely to see them on hiking trails. Wooly bears eat small weeds and one of their favorites is plantain, a common lawn weed.

Plantain

There are many studies that you can do with wooly bears at home. Continue reading

Posted in Connecting to Nature, Fall, Insects | Leave a comment